Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD) is an orthopedic problem which can result in remodelling of the femur, wearing away of the acetabulum, and other arthritic changes. Although CHD is primarily an inherited defect, the severity of the disease is influenced by environment, e.g., growth rate, diet, and exercise. CHD is one of the primary health problems in Black Russian Terriers. There are several excellent articles explaining CHD in detail listed under the "General" category below. Early preventive steps can be key in reducing the severity of expression of CHD - maintaining a slow growth rate and good muscle tone, and never allowing the dog to become over weight.
Today there are several screening techniques and certifying agencies available to help breeders eliminate affected dogs from their breeding programs including the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA), the Institute for Genetic Disease Control (GDC) and PennHIP. While there is alot of controversy as to which one is the best or most accurate, each provides breeders with a method for assessing the actual structure of their dog's hip joints. For more information on current screening techniques go to the "Diagnosis and Certification" section below.
Until there is a DNA test to determine who the unaffected carriers are this disease will continue to plague our Breed and the only way for now to keep it in check is to at least know who the affected dogs are. A study by the University of Michigan and Vetgen is underway to identify the genes involved in CHD and develop a DNA test for carriers and affected dogs alike. For information about the study and how to request a cheek swab DNA collection kit go to the Vetgen website: "DNA Research by VetGen".
Not all dogs with CHD are doomed to live a crippled existance. Some dogs whose radiographs show obvious signs of CHD live active happy lives without surgical intervention and sometimes without any treatment at all. If, unfortunately, yours does not fall into that catagory there are many treatment options to consider. Please take a minute to look at a few of the nonsurgical treatments that are available such as Acupuncture, Chiropractic Adjustment and Nutraceutical Supplement Therapy. These alternative therapies have helped a great many dogs with CHD lead a relatively pain free life. Some surgical options can only be performed at a young age and your dog's size, activity level and pain tolerance should be considered when you discuss options with your Veterinarian. The OFA site at http://www.offa.org/hdtreat.html has an excellent general overview of surgical procedures. Your Veterinarian is your best source for options for YOUR dog. For those times when a little 'help' may be necessary please refer to the web sites listed at the bottom of this page under "Mobility Assistance Items" for harnesses, slings, traction boots, support carts, etc.
You can also query for the latest OFA information on the OFA web site. This information is invaluable when you are trying to decide on a puppy from a potential breeder or when deciding on a sire or dam for a future litter.